131 lines
2.8 KiB
Markdown
131 lines
2.8 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: 'Kurzübersicht zu Akkadisch'
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<!-- author: bg (bg@nerilex.org) -->
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includesource: true
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geometry:
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- top=2cm
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---
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## Verb-Paradigmen
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Stamm-Modifikation:
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Form | a/u-Klasse | a-Klasse | i-Klasse | u-Klasse
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------------|-------------|----------|----------|----------
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Infinitiv | PaRāSum | ṢaBāTum | PaQāDum | RaGāMum
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\hline Präsens | -PaRRaS- | -ṢaBBaT- | -PaQQiD- | -RaGGuM-
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Präteritum | -PRuS- | -ṢBaT- | -PQiD- | -RGuM-
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Perfekt | -Pta-RaS- | -ṢtaBaT- | -PtaQiD- | -RtaGuM-
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\hline Partizip | PāRiSum | ṢāBiTum | PāQiDum | RāGiMum
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Verbaladj. | PaRSum | ṢaBTum | PaQDum | RaGMum
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Stativ | PaRiS | ṢaBiT | PaQiD | RaGiM
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Anmerkung: Bei der Perfekt-Form wird der hintere Stammvokal häufig
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elidiert.
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Personen Pre- & Suffixe (für Präsens, Präteritum und Perfekt):
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Person | Singular | Plural
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---------|----------|----------
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1. com. | a- | ni-
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\hline 2. com. | --- | ta- -ā
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2. fem. | ta- -ī | ---
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2. mask. | ta- | ---
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\hline 3. com. | i- | ---
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3. fem. | --- | i- -ā
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3. mask. | --- | i- -ū
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### Dativ- & Akkusativsuffixe
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Person | Dativ (Sg.) | Dativ (Pl.) | Akk. (Sg.) | Akk. (Pl.)
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----------|-----------------|--------------|------------|-----------
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1. com. | -am / -m / -nim | -niʾāšim | -ni |-niʾāti
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\hline 2. fem. | -kâšim | -kināšim | -ki |-kinâti
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2. mask. | -kâšum | -kunūšim | -ka |-kunūti
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\hline 3. fem. | -š/sim | -š/sināšim | -ši / -si |-š/sināti
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3. mask. | -š/sum | -š/sunūšim | -šu / -su |-š/sunūti
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\newpage
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### Imperative
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Person | a/u-Klasse | a-Klasse | a-Klasse (var) | i-Klasse | u-Klasse
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-------------|-------------|----------|----------------|----------|---------
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2. Pl. com. | PuRS-ā | ṢaBT-ā | RiKB-ā | PiQD-ā | RuGM-ā
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2. Sg. fem. | PuRS-ī | ṢaBT-ī | RiKB-ī | PiQD-ī | RuGM-ī
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2. Sg. mask. | PuRuS | ṢaBaT | RiKaB | PiQaD | RuGuM
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### Prohibitiv
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lā + /Präsens/
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### Prekartiv & Kohortativ
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#### Prekartiv
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Nur 3. Person (Singular und PLural):
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l-/Präteritum/
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#### Kohortativ
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Nur 1. Person Plural:
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i + /Präteritum/
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#### mit Stativ
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Bei Stativ:
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lū + /Prädikat/
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### Vetitiv
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(aj / ē) + /Verb/
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* aj vor (ʾ)a-, (ʾ)i-, (ʾ)u-
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* ē vor t-, n-
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### Affirmativ
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#### Vergangenheit
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Positiv:
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* lū + /Präteritum/
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* lū + /Perfekt/
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Negativ:
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* lā + /Präteritum/-u
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#### Gegenwart / Zukunft
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Positiv:
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* lū + /Präsens/
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* /Präsens/-u
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Negativ:
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* lā + /Präsens/-u
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### Irrealis
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* šumman (šumma + man) … -man
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<!--
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## Zeichen:
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ʾ
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Ṣ Ṣ
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š Š
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ḫ Ḫ
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ṭ Ṭ
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ā ē ī ū
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â î ê û
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--> |